The role of organic solvent amount in the lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production O papel da concentração de solvente orgânico na produção enzimática de biodiesel

Lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production from waste activated bleaching earth as raw material in a pilot plant.

The production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from waste activated bleaching earth (ABE) discarded by the crude oil refining industry using lipase from Candida cylindracea was investigated in a 50-L pilot plant. Diesel oil or kerosene was used as an organic solvent for the transesterification of triglycerides embedded in the waste ABE. When 1% (w/w) lipase was added to waste ABE, the FAME ...

Two-step synthesis of fatty acid ethyl ester from soybean oil catalyzed by Yarrowia lipolytica lipase

BACKGROUND Enzymatic biodiesel production by transesterification in solvent media has been investigated intensively, but glycerol, as a by-product, could block the immobilized enzyme and excess n-hexane, as a solution aid, would reduce the productivity of the enzyme. Esterification, a solvent-free and no-glycerol-release system for biodiesel production, has been developed, and two-step catalysi...

Enzymatic Biodiesel Synthesis Using a Byproduct Obtained from Palm Oil Refining

An alternative route to produce biodiesel is based on esterification of free fatty acids present in byproducts obtained from vegetable oil refining, such as palm oil fatty acid distillate (PFAD). PFAD is a byproduct of the production of edible palm oil, which contains 96 wt.% of free fatty acids. The purpose of this work was to study biodiesel synthesis via esterification of PFAD with methanol ...

Biodiesel Production via Esterification Reactions Catalyzed by Lipase

−− The synthesis of ethyl hexadecanoate was carried out by esterification of palmitic acid with ethanol in a solvent-free system. A commercial immobilized lipase (Lipozyme RM-IM) was mixed with the reagents, in a 15 mL closed batch reactor with constant stirring and coupled with a condenser. The effects of palmitic acid/ethanol molar ratio (0.16 to 1.84), reaction temperature (65 to 75C) and en...

Lactation Induction in a Commissioned Mother by Surrogacy: Effects on Prolactin Levels, Milk Secretion and Mother Satisfaction Indução da lactação em mãe por útero de substituição: efeitos na concentração de prolactina, produção láctea e satisfação materna